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Donald Swain Lewis, DSO (5 April 1886 – 10 April 1916) was a Lieutenant Colonel in the British Army〔(''Flight'' 27 April 1916 )〕〔(''Flight'' 29 June 1916 )〕 and was the second highest-ranked officer in the Royal Flying Corps/Royal Air Force to be killed in action in the First World War.〔O'Connor, M. “Airfields & Airmen – Ypres”. Leo Cooper, 2001. p.39 ISBN 0-85052-753-8〕 His father was Ernest Lewis, one of the founding directors of the Army & Navy Stores (United Kingdom).〔Tyrrell-Lewis, Facta Non Verba, ISBN 978-1-4716-0726-4 http://copac.ac.uk/search?isn=9781471607264&rn=1〕 On 14 September 1914 Major Geoffrey Salmond, CO of No.3 Sqdn and Captain Donald Swain Lewis carried out a successful experiment with a Royal artillery battery using a radio transmitter to communicate the fall of artillery shells. Lewis is also credited with creating the "grid square" map system which revolutionized British wartime cartography. This was probably not an Ordnance Survey style grid based on a system of mile or kilometre squaring, but a system based on squares identified by letters and numbers. In the Battle of the Aisne (September–October 1914), Lewis squared two copies of a 1:80,000 map, keeping one copy for himself for observing from the air, and giving a second copy to a battery commander with whom he was in wireless communication.〔Chasseaud, P. (1999), Artillery’s Astrologers: a History of British Survey & Mapping on the Western Front 1914-1918. ISBN 9781843421993. page 28.〕 On 15 September the British Third Corps assigned its RFC squadrons to support the divisional heavy & howitzer batteries. The radio-equipped aeroplanes successfully supported the artillery in taking out German positions during the offensive on the Aisne. In April 1915 Lewis was appointed to command No. 3 Squadron, operating on the Western Front. He returned to duties in Great Britain during the winter of 1915-16 before returning to France in February 1916 to take up command the Second Wing which was assigned to work with the Second Army in the Ypres Salient at that time. On the 10 April 1916, flying a Moräne parasol, east of Wytschaete, with Captain A. W. Gale, an officer of the Trench Mortars, as observer, he was brought down by a direct hit from the enemy’s anti-aircraft guns. Gale was wounded.〔Raleigh, Walter (1922). The War in the Air, Volume 1. Oxford University Press.〕〔(CWGC entry )〕 Donald Swain Lewis married Margaret Agnes Maud Williams (1881-1942), daughter of Philip Williams, a retired Eton master, at St. Mark's, Farnborough, on 4 August 1914. They had no children. His widow later remarried.〔Ward, R.D. (2013). Wealth and Notoriety: the extraordinary families of William Levy and Charles Lewis of London. ISBN 978-1-291-33477-7 http://copac.ac.uk/search?isn=9781291334777&rn=1〕 ==References== |- |- 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Donald Swain Lewis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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